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DAY14: 课堂记录-Apache和LAMP架构–技术流ken

1年 ago 技术流ken
浏览次数: 45,218

Apache介绍

 

:80 — 端口 http对应80端口，https对应443端口

 

 

默认发布目录：/var/www/html/

默认发布文件：index.html

默认端口：80

 

200：ok，请求下载成功

304：not modified，标识一个缓存的资源是否发生过更改

 

403：forbidden，表示客户端没有权限访问所请求的资源

404：Not Found，表示客户端所请求的资源不存在

 

500：Internal Server Error，服务器内部错误

502：Bad Gateway，代理服务器从上游服务器获取到的是伪响应

 

编译安装Apache(http)

 

1. 编译安装apr

第一步：上传相关的软件包

[root@ken ~]# ls
apr-1.5.2.tar.gz apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz httpd-2.4.20.tar.gz

 

第二步：解压

[root@ken ~]# tar xf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
[root@ken ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
[root@ken ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.20.tar.gz

 

第三步：进入安排apr解压目录，进行编译

[root@ken ~]# cd arp- apr-1.5.2

[root@ken apr-1.5.2]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr

 

第四步：解决依赖

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH   #提示缺少编译器
See `config.log’ for more details
[root@ken apr-1.5.2]# yum install gcc -y

 

第五步：继续编译

[root@ken apr-1.5.2]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr

 

第六步：安装

[root@ken apr-1.5.2]# make && make install

 

2. 编译安装apr-utils

第一步：进入并开始编译

[root@ken ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.4
[root@ken apr-util-1.5.4]# ls
aprutil.dep buckets config.layout encoding libaprutil.mak NOTICE uri
aprutil.dsp build configure export_vars.sh.in libaprutil.rc NWGNUmakefile xlate
aprutil.dsw buildconf configure.in hooks LICENSE README xml
aprutil.mak build.conf crypto include Makefile.in README.cmake
apr-util.pc.in build-outputs.mk dbd ldap Makefile.win renames_pending
apr-util.spec CHANGES dbm libaprutil.dep memcache strmatch
apu-config.in CMakeLists.txt docs libaprutil.dsp misc test
[root@ken apr-util-1.5.4]# ./configure –with-apr=/usr/local/apr –prefix=/usr/local/apr-util  #需要制定apr位置

 

第二步：编译安装

[root@ken apr-util-1.5.4]# make && make install

 

3. 编译http

第一步：进入解压文件并开始编译

[root@ken httpd-2.4.20]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/httpd2.4 –with-apr=/usr/local/apr –with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util –enable-cache –enable-deflate –enable-ssl –enable-rewrite –with-mpm=event

 

第二步：解决依赖

 

依赖一：

configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/  #提示缺少pcre
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@ken httpd-2.4.20]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y

 

依赖二：

checking whether to enable mod_deflate… configure: error: mod_deflate has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures
[root@ken httpd-2.4.20]# yum install openssl openssl-devel -y

 

 

第三步：安装

[root@ken httpd-2.4.20]# make && make install

 

编译安装的apache常用操作

 

在任何路径下执行apachectl:

 

[root@ken bin]# cat /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/httpd2.4/bin:$PATH
[root@ken bin]# export /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
-bash: export: `/etc/profile.d/httpd.sh’: not a valid identifier
[root@ken bin]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

 

验证操作：

[root@ken bin]# ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
[root@ken bin]# cd
[root@ken ~]# pwd
/root
[root@ken ~]# apachectl stop
[root@ken ~]# ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*

 

apache配置文件常用参数

 

Listen 80
User apache

Group apache
DocumentRoot “/var/www/html”
DirectoryIndex index.html

 

基于端口创建虚拟主机

 

第一步：修改配置文件

[root@ken ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<VirtualHost *:81>
DOCUMENTROOT /var/www/ken1
DIRECTORYINDEX index.html
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:82>
DOCUMENTROOT /var/www/ken2
DIRECTORYINDEX index.html
</VirtualHost>

Listen 80
Listen 81
Listen 82

 

第二步：创建网站根目录

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /var/www/ken{1,2}

 

第三步：创建网页首页文件

[root@ken ~]# echo “111” >> /var/www/ken1/index.html
[root@ken ~]# echo “222” >> /var/www/ken2/index.html

 

第四步：重启apache

[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart httpd

 

第五步：linux中访问

[root@ken ~]# curl 192.168.64.4:81
111
[root@ken ~]# curl 192.168.64.4:82
222

 

基于域名创建虚拟主机

 

第一步：修改配置文件

[root@ken ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<VirtualHost 192.168.64.4>
DOCUMENTROOT /var/www/ken1
DIRECTORYINDEX index.html
servername www.ken1.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.64.4>
DOCUMENTROOT /var/www/ken2
DIRECTORYINDEX index.html
servername www.ken2.com
</VirtualHost>

 

第二步：创建网站根目录

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /var/www/ken{1,2}

 

第三步：创建网页首页文件

[root@ken ~]# echo “111” >> /var/www/ken1/index.html
[root@ken ~]# echo “222” >> /var/www/ken2/index.html

 

第四步：重启apache

[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart httpd

 

第五步：解析域名

[root@ken www]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.64.4 www.ken1.com www.ken2.com

 

第六步：linux中访问

[root@ken www]# curl www.ken1.com
111
[root@ken www]# curl www.ken2.com
222

 

第七步：window中访问

修改window  hosts文件

略

 

 

apache上线静态网站

 

第一步：关防火墙

[root@ken www]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@ken www]# setenforce 0

 

第二步：上传京东静态页面至网站根目录

[root@ken html]# rz

[root@ken html]# ls
jd.zip
[root@ken html]# unzip jd.zip   #需要yum install unzip -y

 

第三步：访问京东网页

略

 

apache上线动态网站

 

第一步：需要先部署LAMP架构

[root@ken jd]# yum install httpd php php-mysql mariadb-server -y

 

第二步：启动apache和数据库

[root@ken jd]# systemctl restart httpd mariadb

 

第三步：上传安装包并解压

[root@ken html]# ls
wordpress-3.3.1-zh_CN.zip
[root@ken html]# unzip wordpress-3.3.1-zh_CN.zip

 

第四步：复制wordpress文件到本目录下

 

[root@ken html]# cp wordpress/* . -a
[root@ken html]# ls
index.php wordpress-3.3.1-zh_CN.zip wp-blog-header.php wp-cron.php wp-login.php wp-settings.php
license.txt wp-activate.php wp-comments-post.php wp-includes wp-mail.php wp-signup.php
readme.html wp-admin wp-config-sample.php wp-links-opml.php wp-pass.php wp-trackback.php
wordpress wp-app.php wp-content wp-load.php wp-register.php xmlrpc.php

 

第五步：配置数据库文件

[root@ken html]# cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
[root@ken html]# vim wp-config.php

/** WordPress 数据库的名称 */
define(‘DB_NAME’, ‘ken’);

/** MySQL 数据库用户名 */
define(‘DB_USER’, ‘ken’);

/** MySQL 数据库密码 */
define(‘DB_PASSWORD’, ‘123’);

 

第六步：配置数据库

[root@ken html]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database ken;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to ken@’localhost’ identified by ‘123’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

 

第七步:访问网站

略

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